Cross-linking reactions during TM caused a swelling restraint and an effective reduction in moisture content.
Pressurized hot water extraction (HWE) did not improve the decay resistance to the same extent as TM, which was assigned to differences in the wood-water interactions. The thermal decomposition of easily degradable hemicelluloses reduced the mass loss caused by Rhodonia placenta, and it was suggested that the cumulative mass loss is a better indicator of an actual decay inhibition. This study compares changes in the chemical composition, water-related properties and decay resistance of Scots pine sapwood that was either thermally modified (TM) in dry state at elevated temperatures (≥ 185 ☌) or treated in pressurized hot water at mild temperatures (≤ 170 ☌). The thermal degradation of wood is affected by a number of process parameters, which may also cause variations in the resistance against decay fungi.
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